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Controlled production of polyhydroxyalcanoates by bacterial strain Ralstonia eutropha using different substrates
Šnajdar, Ondřej ; Duroňová, Kateřina (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by bacterial strain Ralstonia eutropha. Production of PHA on different substrates has been studied to lower the costs of feedstock. In theoretical part the review has been done about the most important types of PHA, production strains and possibilities of cultivation of Ralstonia eutropha using different substrates. In practical part there has been studied production of PHA on different vegetable oils, including waste oils from different sources (restaurants, homes, food companies). Incorporation of different precursors for copolymer production control was studied too. The highest yields of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) have been achieved using waste oils. For economical and ecological reasons these oils are very suitable substrates. Using concentration 20 g/l of waste rapeseed oil from university canteen there has been produced 13,32 g/l of biomass containing 58,63% of P3HB in 84th hour of cultivation. The highest yield of PHA in precursors study has been achieved applying 1% propanol in 24th hour of cultivation. The PHA increase has been 97%. This PHA was composed from 91% of 3HB and 9% of 3-hydroxyvalerate.
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Cultivation of carotenogenic yeasts in the presence of biological stress induced by selected strains of autotrophic microalgae
Sikorová, Pavlína ; Byrtusová, Dana (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
Presented Master’s thesis was focused on biological and nutrient stress in cultivations of green microalgae and carotenogenic yeasts. The focus of interest was production of biomass in different types of cultivation media, production of metabolites (mainly carotenoids and chlorophylls) and also production of lipids and lipophilic substances. All types of aplied stress was used to lead to an increased production of biomass and metabolites. The theoretical part deals with introduction of individual genera of carotenogenic yeast and green microalgae. The types of cultivation stress were also described. In addition, the analytic methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis are also introduced. The experimental part was focused on the study of biomass, carotenoids, chlorophylls, coenzym Q, sterols and lipids production. Biological stress was induced by cocultivation of microalgae and yeasts together.Nutrient stress meant adding macroelements or waste oils to the medium. Yeasts of interest were Rhodosporidium toruloides, Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Sporobolomyces pararoseus. Microalgae was represented by Desmodesmus acutus, Desmodesmus armatus, Scenedesmus obliquus, Desmodesmus velitaris, Desmodesmus communis, Coccomyxa sp. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlorella minutissima. Generally the most successful multicultivator experiment was cocultivation with yeast R. kratochvilovae. In the case of cultivation on waste oils, the best producers of biomass and metabolites were co-cultivation experiments with the yeast R. toruloides. In microalgal experiments, it was found that nutritional stress in the form of glycerol added to the medium had an inhibitory effect on the growth and metabolism of microalgae.
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Production of enriched mixed biomass by co-cultivation of selected strains of yeast and microalgae
Langer, Marek ; Němcová, Andrea (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
The use of yeast and microalgae in industry is constantly increasing. These microorganisms are able to produce significant amounts of lipids, which can be used, for example, for the production of biodiesel. Like their other metabolites, such as carotenoids, chlorophylls, ubiquinone and ergosterol, they can be used in the food industry. Since these chemical substances also have biological effects on the human organism, they are used in food supplements, but are also being investigated as possible medicines. The presented work deals with the possibilities of making the cultivation of these microorganisms cheaper. One of these options is co-cultivation, or mixed cultivation, which aims to increase biomass and metabolite yields. Another investigated possibility is the replacement of financially expensive substrates for the nutrition of microorganisms with cheap waste from the food industry. The algae Scenedesmus ecornis, Desmodesmus communis, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Coccomyxa sp. were used in the experimental work. The yeast strains used were Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Rhodotorula toruloides. Added waste products were oils (hemp, frying and coffee), molasses, whey and waste glycerol. Analysis of the obtained biomass revealed that the highest lipid yields were achieved when coffee and frying oil were used. The experiment was completed by pilot cultivation in a bioreactor, to which cultures of Scenedesmus ecornis and Rhodotorula kratochvilovae were added. Coffee oil and glycerol were added as a source of nutrients.
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Cultivation of carotenogenic yeasts in the presence of biological stress induced by selected strains of autotrophic microalgae
Sikorová, Pavlína ; Byrtusová, Dana (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
Presented Master’s thesis was focused on biological and nutrient stress in cultivations of green microalgae and carotenogenic yeasts. The focus of interest was production of biomass in different types of cultivation media, production of metabolites (mainly carotenoids and chlorophylls) and also production of lipids and lipophilic substances. All types of aplied stress was used to lead to an increased production of biomass and metabolites. The theoretical part deals with introduction of individual genera of carotenogenic yeast and green microalgae. The types of cultivation stress were also described. In addition, the analytic methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis are also introduced. The experimental part was focused on the study of biomass, carotenoids, chlorophylls, coenzym Q, sterols and lipids production. Biological stress was induced by cocultivation of microalgae and yeasts together.Nutrient stress meant adding macroelements or waste oils to the medium. Yeasts of interest were Rhodosporidium toruloides, Rhodotorula kratochvilovae and Sporobolomyces pararoseus. Microalgae was represented by Desmodesmus acutus, Desmodesmus armatus, Scenedesmus obliquus, Desmodesmus velitaris, Desmodesmus communis, Coccomyxa sp. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlorella minutissima. Generally the most successful multicultivator experiment was cocultivation with yeast R. kratochvilovae. In the case of cultivation on waste oils, the best producers of biomass and metabolites were co-cultivation experiments with the yeast R. toruloides. In microalgal experiments, it was found that nutritional stress in the form of glycerol added to the medium had an inhibitory effect on the growth and metabolism of microalgae.
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Controlled production of polyhydroxyalcanoates by bacterial strain Ralstonia eutropha using different substrates
Šnajdar, Ondřej ; Duroňová, Kateřina (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by bacterial strain Ralstonia eutropha. Production of PHA on different substrates has been studied to lower the costs of feedstock. In theoretical part the review has been done about the most important types of PHA, production strains and possibilities of cultivation of Ralstonia eutropha using different substrates. In practical part there has been studied production of PHA on different vegetable oils, including waste oils from different sources (restaurants, homes, food companies). Incorporation of different precursors for copolymer production control was studied too. The highest yields of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) have been achieved using waste oils. For economical and ecological reasons these oils are very suitable substrates. Using concentration 20 g/l of waste rapeseed oil from university canteen there has been produced 13,32 g/l of biomass containing 58,63% of P3HB in 84th hour of cultivation. The highest yield of PHA in precursors study has been achieved applying 1% propanol in 24th hour of cultivation. The PHA increase has been 97%. This PHA was composed from 91% of 3HB and 9% of 3-hydroxyvalerate.
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